Jimmy Wales †the Wikipedia inventor Essay Example

Jimmy Wales – the Wikipedia inventor Essay The concept of Wikipedia started with a very radical concept: a freely-licensed online encyclopedia disseminating vast amount of knowledge on almost every part of the world. Aside from it being freely-licensed, users can edit and save its content easily. The concept is uncomplicated as it may seem; but not as simple as one should think about it. The usability of Wikipedia scattered all over the world, and is up to now a   great help for those who are looking for the easiest way to obtain compilation of knowledge from the cyberspace.The man responsible for the conceptualization and creation of this online encyclopedia was Jimmy Wales. Born in Huntsville, Alabama in August of 1966, he became best known as the driving force behind Wikipedia. Co-authoring with Tim Shell, he was also responsible for the creation of the website Bornis.com, seen in the internet in 1996. The money he gained from bornis.com was the money he used to start an online encyclopedia called Nupedia that influenced the creation of Wikipedia in 2001. Wales became popular, which considered him to belong to the top 100 most influential people of 2006 all over the world by the Time Magazine. As the online encyclopedia got into popularity, the demands heightened up. He allowed the non-profit organization, Wikimedia to handle Wikipedia, in 2003, still under his leadership. Wikia Inc. on the other hand is a for-profit organization hosting the wiki web pages publicizing various topics.Wales avoids talking about his birthday. Sites either mentions August 7th or August 8th, but it is sure that Wikipedia was launched on January 15, 2001 in his interview with the New Scientist magazine. It was a notion that Larry Sanger, who coined the name Wikipedia, was a co-author of the website. Wales corrects this notion and mentions Sanger being just his employee, who acted as the editor of Nupedia (Infoplease p. 1).According to Jimmy Wales’ lecture in Ted Conferences, LLC titled Talks Jimmy Wales: How a rag tag band created Wikipedia, Wikipedia runs on a model called free-licensing model, meaning the contents of the encyclopedia can be freely modified and used without any legal restrictions (en.wikipedia.org p.1). The process of adding, editing, and erasing contents is made possible the Wikipedia software, owned by the Wikimedia foundation. In the lecture conducted by Jimmy Wales in 2006, he mentioned about the encyclopedia reaching almost 600,000 English articles, and an overall count of 2 million articles written in different languages. It can be imagined how vast the number of employees Wikipedia must have to fill this number of articles, averaging up to almost 1.4 billion visits annually since its establishment. But there is only one employee, a software developer, who started in 2005 and paid $5000 in a part-time or full-time basis. Thousands of volunteers, contributors, and editors are responsible for everything aside from the system maintenance. No specific, traditional organiza tion of the contributors was created, and nobody is in-charge. Everyone can contribute and edit the contents of the site. He even stated that these people behind the contents of the site are the smartest people he had ever met.A lot of controversies were thrown to Wikipedia and to Wales. Some of the concerns were with regard to the credibility of its contents and some with the management of the for-profit organization.Anytime that a controversial issue arises, the members should not take a stand but just report on the reputable party from which such controversies came from. The contributors of diverse political, cultural and religious background came up with very firm neutrality policy that is non-negotiable. Wales set-down this policy himself from the very beginning as the core principle that governs for the community, and it is not debatable. Diverting from this kind of behavior may lead to the expulsion from the organization. Wales introduced this policy from the very beginning t o avoid issues against Wikipedia that it favors a certain party when it reacts or gives its statements. Considering that Wikipedia is visited by a vast number of users yearly, it is possible that publication of such insights will influence the minds of the visitors. There is also a possibility that the site may be alleged for such claims. The neutrality point of view policy then protects its contributors and editors against the above-mentioned possibilities.Contrasting to the negative comments about the website, Wales cleared-out to the public that they have a mechanism of validation of the submissions made by the users. It is not true that whatever content is added or modified, that just goes straight to the site without any process checking the additional contents. Real time peer reviews take place, so the members of the community may either accept or reject the entries.People may contribute to the content anonymously. An e-mailing system was included in the Wikipedia system in or der for the contributors to be notified on the validity of their entries. Still, upon rejection, the contributors are given chance to verify their sources to consider their entries for another review.Many students are thankful to the creation of this online encyclopedia. The website facilitates the online searching that caters almost everything under the sun. Searching in Wikipedia is economical in time, since almost everything you need in a particular topic is there. In addition, links to other relevant topics are available for additional information, making it even easier for the users to come up with a variety of ideas, sometimes not even needing to type in more keywords to search engines like Google. Just in case that the user wants to verify the information uploaded in Wikipedia, he could always go back to the list of references provided by the editor or contributor. As I listened to the lecture conducted by Jimmy, I was convinced of the credibility of the content of Wikipedia, but then, Wales admitted that some parts are weak, but most of the parts are strong in content.To think that Wikipedia is a non-profit site, one could already determine the heroism Jimmy Wales had shown. He was even able to gather several volunteer to maintain the credibility of the sites as high as possible. The ‘tightly knit community’, composing of around one thousand to two thousand individuals that Wales mentioned is also one of the evidences that the site established by him was for the betterment of the academic community, specifically for those who are connected to the cyberspace. This is a great opportunity for everyone that only this dot com encyclopedia can offer.We can also consider him being a hero for he still fights controversies, conducts seminars to eliminate the misconceptions on the Wikipedia community, gets towards the improvement of the site for the benefit of the users and those who find happiness by just contributing and editing the site for its i mprovement, and even manages to meet up with his volunteers just to maintain the existence of the site. This tightly-knit community, to emphasize, is a clear manifestation of how powerful Wikipedia is, and how a lot of people believe in the core principle of Wikipedia, and what kind of impact it is to the contributors and editors the dedication of Jimmy Wales that they remain to be intact with the organization, that is Wikipedia, without being paid at all. This is the true manifestation of volunteerism and dedication among work. The people working behind the site may have truly imbibed the true spirit of volunteerism among themselves.Jimmy Wales gave this statement in his very own Wikipedia news titled: Jimmy Wales: Wikipedia’s knowledge is power to the people:Humans are portrayed as irrational captives to their background and identity unable to be objective. I do not share this view. Seven years ago I founded. We are a charitable humanitarian effort to create and distribute a free high-quality encyclopedia to every single person on the planet. Already we are the biggest fastest-growing and most popular general reference work in the world†¦ We are a charitable humanitarian effort to create and distribute a free high-quality encyclopedia to every single person on the planet. Already we are the biggest fastest-growing and most popular general reference work in the world. Wikipedia attracts 683m visitors annually with more than 10m articles in over 150 languages. Today there are around one billion people online. In the next five to 10 years the next billion people will be joining the great global conversation by coming online to participate in blogs mailing lists and of course Wikipedia itself. If we look beyond the languages of Europe plus Chinese and Japanese most Wikipedia projects are small but fast growing (p. 1).This is a very inspiring quote that summarizes his dedication, and how radical his idea of Wikipedia was. Wikipedia, in my own personal opinion, will be of greater help in the future, and will always be strengthened as its volunteers continue the website’s principle, and work for the betterment of the community for a grand purpose: a unidirectional, mind-enriching, an most of all, human empowering site that delivers relevant information.Works Citedâ€Å"Free content.† 22 April 2009 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_contentGuardian Unlimited. â€Å"Jimmy Wales: Wikipedia’s knowledge is power to the people.† June 22, 2008. Wikipedia News. 22 April 2009 http://www.journowiki.org/2008/06/jimmy-wales-wikipedias-knowledge-is-power-to-the-people/Infoplease. â€Å"Jimmy Wales: Inventor / Entrepreneur.† 2007. Infoplease: All the knowledge you need. 22 April 2009 http://www.infoplease.com/biography/var/jimmywales.htmlTed Conferences, LLC. â€Å"Talks Jimmy Wales: How a ragtag band created Wikipedia.† August 2006. TED: Ideas worth Spreading. 22 April 2009 http://www.ted.com/index.php/ talks/jimmy_wales_on_the_birth_of_wikipedia.html

Post WWII german culture essays

Post WWII german culture essays In this ambitious study, Uta G. Poiger attempts to trace the developments of Post-WWII popular culture in East and West Germany, paying close attention to reaction and politicization that framed each sides discussions. The picture that emerges seems to be extremely accurate, but it is at the same time, very confusing. Reactions of all sorts of sociologists, pundits and commentators leaves the reader with an obfuscated view of what life in both East and West Germany was like after WWII. Poigers cultural scholarship focuses on interpretations of Hollywood movies, jazz, and rock n roll, and the class, gender, and racial anxieties that American cultural imports evoked. Poiger shows that every time new American music and fashion were made available, they inevitably crashed up against a counter-wave of adult panic about their effects on the morality, sexuality, and national identity of Germans. Commentators feared that the blatant sensuality of American films and the openly erotic gyrations of jitterbug and other dances would corrupt innocent German girls. They also worried that Westerns, gangster movies, and films such as The Wild One undermined efforts to reconstruct masculinity as less aggressive, more self-controlled than under the Nazis. This anxiety is not cut and dry, however, as Poigers narrative often illustrates contradictions in the perception of youth culture. West German reaction to Jazz, for example, ranges from ambivalence to apprehension to outrage to hatred to acceptance, depending on which magazine is cited and which year it is. Although Poiger uses an abundance of archival evidence to tease out the realities of German Youth culture, she concentrates mostly on the reactions of officials and media figures to do so. This creates a divorced view of German youth culture as it relies on the stereotypes used to describe them based on the reactions and fears of the older generation...

10 Signs Youre in the Wrong Job and Need to Quit

10 Signs Youre in the Wrong Job and Need to Quit We all know a job is a good thing to have- even, sometimes, the wrong  job. But if you’re in a job that truly isn’t the best one for you, then it might be time for a change. If you’ve started to feel unchallenged or miserable at work and find yourself simply going through the paces to get through to the weekend, then it might be time to start asking yourself questions. Staying in a bad job too long can damage your career. Here are 10 ways to tell if your current job is all wrong.1. There isn’t enough money in the world that would make you happy.It’s not just that you’re not being paid enough. When you ask yourself how much you should be making, you still experience that sinking feeling in your stomach that says you just don’t want to be there. Honor that feeling. If not even a big fat raise can make you feel good about your current job, it’s time to start looking elsewhere.2. You’re getting bad feedback.Not just once or twice, but often- and consistently. This job just doesn’t come as naturally to you as it does to your coworkers, and it’s making you feel bad about yourself. Take some of that feedback to heart and learn to accept your limitations. Then take responsibility for yourself and your career and find a place where you’ll be a better fit.3. You’re just not passionate about it.You listen to people talk about their businesses and their exciting jobs with envy. You could care less about your company and what you do, and you certainly don’t think it’s interesting enough to bring up at dinner parties. Start by rethinking what you are passionate about, what you actually like to do, then see if you can’t find a job doing one of those things instead of what you’re doing now.4. You can’t be yourself.There are plenty of companies out there that want you to be a corporate automaton, but these are fading out of popularity and being replace d with companies who make it their mission to encourage their employees to be who they are. If you have a big personality, stop trying to pound yourself into the wrong-shaped hole. Find a better fit.5. Your industry is dying.Rats are running from the sinking ship. You know it’s over. Your company knows it’s over. Your industry’s time has run out and you’re witnessing its steady decline. Instead of going down with the ship, why not figure out way to take your skills and market them in a new industry?6. Your boss hates you.It’s not just that you don’t like each other; your boss really seems to be out to get you. If this is you, and your work situation has become toxic, there’s probably nothing better you could do than find a way out.7. Your commute is killing your soul.Or even if it’s really not that bad, you just hate your job so much that the process of getting up in the morning and making your way there fills you with dread an d sloth. This is a pretty good sign that you need a change.8. There’s a ceiling.There aren’t many (or any) opportunities in your company for you to advance. Even if you don’t actively hate the job you have, it’s probably not a great idea to stay in a job that won’t allow you to work your way up.9. Your work/life balance has no  balance.Work/life balance is incredibly important. Make sure you’re not burning out. Some jobs will always be more intense than others, but keep in mind that you won’t always be young and you want to stay healthy enough to be able to get through your whole career in one piece. If a job just won’t let up, it might be a good idea to move on.10. You’re not learning.The minute you stop learning new things and being challenged is the moment that you are officially stagnating. This is always a bad idea, in the work world and in your life. Find a way to constantly push yourself to learn and try new thi ngs. And find a job that will let you do this to help maximize your career growth and potential.

The Dramatic Endings in The Playboy of Seville and Don Juan Tenorio Essay

The Dramatic Endings in The Playboy of Seville and Don Juan Tenorio - Essay Example Despite that fact that both plays are constructed on a similar foundation of themes, there are still many major differences between them which can be due to the fact that both were written in very different times. Social conventions and cultural norms became quite different in the 19th century than how they were in the 17th century. Years of difference not only transformed societal structures around the world, but they also significantly influenced the shape of literature. Following discussion will explore how the ending scenes in both plays are different from each other and how those differences at the end of the plays reflect different attitudes of the two societies towards the character of DJ. In the early 17th century at the time when the Playboy of Seville by Tirso de Molina came into existence in the world of literature, the way DJ is explored in the story is intended to reflect on the Spanish Golden Age which was the early modern Spanish society. The play is set in this time period and abides by the popular social, religious, and cultural conventions of that time. This is why in contrast to the 19th century version of Zorrilla, Tirso de Molina’s play is staunchly Catholic. It is the staggering difference between the nature of these two eras that there is such difference to be seen in the plays also particularly in context of their ending scenes. The early 17th century version focuses on the relationship between actions and their consequences, while the modern version appears to question the Christian philosophy related to actions and their effects. The later version has a different ending from that in the original play because writers of that time stopped feeli ng the need to remain strictly loyal to the Catholic philosophy. Religion was beginning to become abstract at that point as more and more people began to question its validity in certain matters in life. In old times like in the early 17th century strictly

Sales Management - Report on Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Sales Management - Report on - Case Study Example The company may wish to examine changing the bonus structure from an annual structure to a quarterly method to enhance motivations for those extrinsically motivated. Research indicates that there is another poor performer in the sales group, Robert, who may also be reliant on extrinsic motivational rewards. Based on all statistics and qualitative evaluations of performance, it is recommended that Concorde develop a training program that focuses on cost controls, lean ideology and production surplus to assist salespersons in reducing expenses that are contributing to a low average gross margin. Jose, especially, requires empathic yet assertive discourse about his performance to motivate and inspire Jose to take responsibility for his sales leadership deficiencies. Concorde and Associates, a company specialising in the sale of computer peripherals to major computer manufacturers, achieved a marginal increase in sales which only surpassed sales forecasts by one percent. During the formal performance evaluation period, the regional sales manager began an investigation into the performance statistics of the sales team to determine which were over-performing and which staff members under-performing. Jose, a sales representative from the Arizona territory, had fallen short of achieving the sales expected in his established sales quota on three of the four main product lines offered by the company. Jose was the largest under-performer in the business, which requires a critical assessment of what strategies should be employed to improve his performance and, if appropriate, other salespersons not achieving expected performance goals. This report highlights what might have contributed to Jose’s poor performance, evaluates other salespersons that might have moderate performance issues, highlights the approach that should be taken to fairly and accurately evaluate Jose’s total performance and provides

The Neuropsychology Korsakoff Syndrome Psychology Essay

The Neuropsychology Korsakoff Syndrome Psychology Essay This study is investigating on a specific patient (Mr C) whos suffering from Korsakoff syndrome. In this report, the case study indicates mainly to memory deficiency. The sequence of events in this case study is used to show the possibilities of side effects of chronic alcohol abuse which is also known as Korsakoff syndrome. The literature review introduces the medical model of Korsakoff syndrome that is presented with particular attention that has a link to anterograde and retrograde amnesia. A variety of memory tests were set for the patient in order to provide more reliable diagnosis. The results from different studies were compared to the normative brain and Korsakoff patients to see the similarity. Furthermore, after the results were undertaken the results shown a variety of scores which indicated that the patient needed further treatments. Lastly, suggestions for prevention and treatments damages that the patient may have will be presented. Introduction Indicating to Mr Cs case study, the patient may have developed Korsakoff syndrome. Korsakoff syndrome is associated with Diencephalic Amnesia which is seen as neurological disease. Patients that are experiencing this condition are highly related to heavy alcohol consumptions over a very long period (Butterworth, 1989). Heavy alcohol is a public health problem with almost one in four people in the UK reporting having had this problem at some point in their lives (Kessler, 1994). This study is based on Korsakoff syndrome thats caused by alcohol related issue which Mr C has clearly been taking nearly half of his life due to going downhill during some time (Appendix 1). This is the reason patients may lead to obtaining the syndrome. This is based on biological evidence that heavy alcohol consumption may lead to thiamine deficiency which affects the brain and the nervous systems. People who drink excessive amount of alcohol may damage important area part within the brain, resulting serve short term memory loss where the patient constantly asks the same questions and repeats the same stories (Sergei Korsakoff, 1879). Many heavy drinkers have poor dieting problems which their body doesnt contain much vitamins, due to the fact that alcoholics spend time trying to replace high calories food with alcohol. This can cause a lot of complications in the patients body as the intestinal mucosa could be damaged by the alcohol which can lead to make it difficult for the liver to store vitamins. Alcohol plays a role that interferes with the change of thiamine into the active form of vitamin which is known as thiamine pyrophosphate. Korsakoff syndrome inflames the stomach lining in your body that causes frequent vomiting, and m ake it harder for the body to absorb the main vitamins. Thiamine deficiency is a clear sign of the development of Korsakoff syndrome. (Moselhy, Georgiou, Kahn, 2001). However, due to the biological evidence there are many symptoms that may appear suddenly within few days. The patients that have normal IQs are alert and attentive, appear motivated, and generally lack other neurological signs of cerebral deficits such as abnormal EEGs. Most patients with Korsakoff syndrome have a deficit in visual-perception. Mr C has the same symptoms that occur in Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (1881). Although Sergei Korsakoff (1879) didnt take any notice to Wernickes work, he mentioned the existence of several of the same type of symptoms in his patients (Gudden, 1896). Wernicke suggested that mental confusion and eye movement disturbances were the primary symptoms and the first stage of Korsakoff Syndrome. As there is a strong indication of Korsakoff syndrome, the patients behaviour and symptoms has a big impact in the patients lifestyle. Change in personality (become unconcerned, lacking of emotional reactions, talkative etc), confabulation (makeup information they cant remember), loss of muscle co-ordination when the patients balance is weak, memory loss (unable to recall information), and difficulty in obtaining new information or learning new skills (amnesia). (Spear, 2002). In addition, there are two types of well known form of amnesia (anterograde and retrograde) that play a role in Korsakoff syndrome which encounter chronic alcohol. Alcohol has shown various affective memory levels including semantic, prospective, explicit, episodic and implicit (Fama, 2006, dYdewalle Van Damme, 2007). Problems with the patients short term memory are a strong sign of support to the patients having Korsakoff syndrome due to the characteristic of the syndrome being severe and having memory loss which is a type of amnesia. The episodic and semantic memory of a patient with Korsakoff syndrome is the most affected characteristic, episodic refers to events from the persons past (going back in time) and semantic memories deal with knowledge of facts, language and concepts. In the terms of the retrograde memory, there are many tests that can measure the aspects of memory used by significant events which had happened during the past year of the patients life. Remote Memory Impairment calculates the patients past history; its a multiple choice questions test thats applied. This test measures if the patient can remember the past events that have occurred in their life. The questions are given to recall there memory and testing there memory stage of their life for example about time and place of their birth, age, names of schools they attended, etc. (Cohen Sqauire, 1981). As for anterograde memory, is a different memory aspect to the retrograde test. There is a different Remote Memory Impairment test that would be given to patients which measures there memory on recalling famous faces and words. Patients will be assessed on; famous face recognition, identification and naming, and famous name recognition and identification. Overall the results will show an indication to a minimal outline of preserved remote memory with evidence of an association between remote memory performance and decision making functioning in the patients brain. (Albert, 1981). Furthermore assessments can be also applied for the patients who are suffering from Korsakoff syndrome. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) can be applied which is quiet common, to assess the patients intelligence; it measures the verbal and nonverbal abilities of adults. The assessment has been revised over the recent years the person scoring it would look to see if there are any differences between the verbal and non verbal sections. If there is any big difference between the two sections will indicate to learning problem. (David Wechsler, 1955). The aim of this study that is going to be carried out by several tests, the patient is experiencing through mental deficits from Korsakoff syndrome. A small amount of tests will be given to the patient to see if the symptoms displayed by the patient are the same as the symptoms of someone who is suffering from Korsakoff syndrome. Overall, if the patient is found with any complications regarding any condition, further action and preventions measures will be recommended to improve the patients lifestyle. Method Design- This experiment is a case study base (Appendix 1). Participants-Mr C, as an only one patient that is being assessed in this study, the participant is one perceived to be suffering from Korsakoff syndrome, which displays many symptoms related to his case study (Appendix 1). Materials- the tests that are going to be taking place are; Remote memory assessments- Famous faces test- have to indentify 150 photographs of famous people (anterograde amnesia) Past event test- multiple choice test, 88 events questions (retrograde amnesia). Weschler Adult intelligence scale (WAIS) Working memory index; Arithmetic, Digit span and Letter-Number Sequencing. California Verbal Learning (CVLT) Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)- assessment of memory function, supplementary memory questions should be asked, e.g. about recent news, family or personal events. Implementation- These tests are being used on the patient due to find out if the patient has any mental deficits issues and any complications he might have in his everyday life. Before taking the tests, the patient will be required to be sober from alcohol for a period of time, to ensure that there were no effects which might cause cognitive issues on the results. Results from all the tests as described in the material section are compared to similar case studies that have been diagnosed with Korsakoff syndrome as well as a healthy normative control group. It will be compared between both group controls to provide rationale of the patients conditions. Results Source (tests) Normative Korsakoff patient Control Indentify famous faces (anterograde amnesia) 41 15 38.1 88 multiple choice questions on past events (retrograde amnesia) 70 46 41.1 Working memory index (WAIS) 108 56.7 55 California Verbal Learning (CVLT) 13 2 12 Memory Scale (WMS) 32 12 26 The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) 24 2.6 3.1 Findings; the patients with Korsakoff syndrome have diencephalic lesions indentified. Remote memory assessment Indentify famous faces (anterograde amnesia)- The famous faces identification assessment clearly shows the patients performance appeared to be weak which the patient scored 15, compared to the normative scoring 41. This may be due to primarily to loss of semantic knowledge regarding famous persons. Multiple choice questions on past events (retrograde amnesia)- patient has shown similar remote memory impairment in Korsakoff syndrome might reflect to anterograde amnesia. Mr C may be going through nerve breakdown. Working memory index (WAIS) the results show the Korsakoff patient impairment within the episodic and working memory. the control and Korsakoff scoring has displayed similar scorings of episodic and working memory deficits. this shows similar patterns of brain damage compared to the normative score. the technique was overall was found not to be significant. California Verbal Learning (CVLT) the recalling tests showed the patients Memory Scale (WMS) the patient scoring was not significant which shows in the results of 12, the results shows the control scoring were higher than the patients score. Mini mental state examination The test that was undertaken by the patients was used to screen for cognitive impairment to help to screen for global confusion which Mr C has. the scores show he defiantly has memory disorder if you see the comparison to the normative scoring of 24 and the patients scoring shows 2.6 which is really low. it has shows that he failed the MMSE recall item. the results has clearly displayed impairments of episodic memory, recollection, contextual memory and retrieval. Discussion Based on the overall results, there is a strong indication that Mr C has Korsakoff syndrome. The patients test performances show that there are impairments in memory in Mr C compared to the normative results. The results showed a clear evidence for the typical mental deficits associated with Korsakoff syndrome. Furthermore, to help the patient to overcome the symptoms there should be a variety of techniques which could be used to try to reduce the symptoms that the patient is experiencing, which may be based on therapies which have shown positive beneficial to the condition. To minimise the symptoms there are types of medical drugs that could be given to the patient in order to help them reduce the side effects of mental deficits that the patient may be going through due to Korsakoff syndrome. Due to Mr C vomiting he will need to take IV Thiamine drinking plenty water right away, even though the improvement is a slow process he will need to change his diet along with it. This is found to give improvements in the memory deficits that may have caused by the condition particularly if the patient who have memory deficits due to alcohol. Likewise, if the patient wouldnt like to take any medication they will have to change their diet. This might be the prevention that caused nerve damage to the patient which has stated above its due to thiamine deficiency. Healthy lifestyle includes drinking alcohol only within a safe recommendation amount (up to 3-4 units a day for men, and 2-3 units a day for women). Eating a balance will help the patient by eating, whole grain, vegetables and wheat which may lead to preventing further memory loss (Hillbom, 2006); it could improve memory, cognitive impairment and confusion in Korsakoff patients. In addition, the most effective method of preventing Korsakoff syndrome is to avoid vitamin/thiamine B deficiency. In the western countries, the most common causes of mental deficits are due to extreme alcohol and weight disorders. Thus, requiring preventing this companies that sell alcoholic beverages to supplement them with B vitamin/thiamine would avoid many cases of Korsakoff. In conclusion, the patient has shown to have Korsakoff syndrome which he had a sufficient amount of memory deficits within himself that show adequate evidence of Korsakoff syndrome. This report shows describes the most effective and practical way of controlling the condition at the present time and providing improvements to the patients lifestyle, it leads to variety of assessments. Further Still, there are several criticism associated with memory assessments which have been used in this study, it may not be utterly reliable to diagnose the patient, therefore it may be wise to administer further testing on the patient throughout their life to make sure the he is accurately diagnosed of the conditions. It is very often falls to the psychiatrist to coordinate care for the patients, a psychiatrist is highly recommended for Mr C to follow-up, arrange placement, and assess further tests when necessary. GP will be there supporting the patients and families. Long-term outcomes have been studied previous patients are reported to have a normal life expectancy if they remain sober from alcohol (Leenane, 1986).

Online Harassment & and Cyber Mobs Essay

Cyberbullying, we have all heard of it and most of us have even experienced it in some way or another. There is no doubt, that being deliberately harassed in hostile manners on the Internet can have fatal consequences for the victims. And fatal consequences were exactly what the 15-year-old Amanda Todd suffered. After various sorts of cyberbullying, Amanda Todd was broken down to her cores and on October 10 2012 she committed suicide. Amanda Todd became world famous for a YouTube video, where she exposed all of the different kinds of online harassment that she had been through. More or less the same thing happened to Anita Sarkeesian. Anita launched an online fundraising campaign, to create awareness of how female characters are portrayed as sexual stereotypes in videogames. Unfortunately, Anita did not only launch a campaign, but also the beginning of a time with harsh online harassment against herself, from people who disagreed with her project. Anita is now a major voice when it c omes to stopping the harassment of women on the Internet, which she proved in a speech at the TEDxWomen event in 2012. It is indisputable that Anita Sarkeesian has been through many negatively affected emotions when she was harassed on the Internet, and she is not afraid to let the audience know how it was like. She is of course using pathos to awaken the audience’s feelings, in order for her to get them on her side. Already in the beginning of the speech, she reaches for the audience’s emotions: â€Å"All of my social media were flooded with treats of rape, violence, sexual assaults, death – And you’ll notice that these treats and comments were all specifically targeting me gender.†1 As the quotation shows, the words that she has chosen are very powerful. Words like rape, violence and death are all words that have an immediate shock effect on the audience, which is truly in her favor. Another way that she communicates is with the use of humor. Multiple times throughout her speech she uses humorous words and phrases, which optimizes the relationship  between her and the receivers. In addition to the way that she engages the audience in her speech, Anita Sarkeesian also masters explicit speech techniques that help her persuade the audience. One example is a rhetorical question: â€Å"The idea being that if you were interested in the project, you could donate, and if you weren’t interested, you could choose not to donate. It’s pretty straight forward, right? I mean what could possibly go wrong? Yeah.†2 In other words, she is fully aware of that the audience knows that something will go wrong with the project; she just asks the question in order to benefit from the audience’s participation. It is small little tricks or techniques like these that help her persuade the audience. As I pointed out earlier, Anita practices pathos in her speech. This is withal not the only form of appeal that she practices. Anita also attempts to make herself a more trustworthy person and she does that by making herself appear as a strong character: â€Å"Do you wanna know what happened to my fundraiser after all that? Well first, the cyber mob failed to silence me, as is evidence of me being here today.†3 So even though cyber mobs tried to silence her, she remained strong and rose above the influence. And that definitely makes her a person to believe. But how is the issue of online harassment actually looked upon? Well, in Singapore located in Asia online harassment is looked upon with the same disgust as in America. They have likewise experienced suicidal female victims, and they are therefore ready to pass new laws against harassment on the Internet: â€Å"Victims of harassment suffer from insufficient protection and face an unclear path when seeking recourse, especially when harassment occurs or spills over to daily life. Minister for Foreign Affairs and Minister for Law, Mr K. Shanmugam, has indicated that new laws on harassment will be tabled next year.†4 Hence this quotation, it is safe to say that online harassment is not just  some local coincidence, but actually a global problem. Otherwise it is no secret to anybody, that the Internet is the fastest way to spread and share ideas, so if online harassment is not yet a problem on a worldwide scale, then it is only a matter time before it is. On the other hand, there is always another side of the case, and online harassment is no exception. Just as easy as it is to receive emails with harassing matter or even Facebook messages and tweets, just as easy is it to delete it again. Some do for that reason, and other arguments as well, share the belief that online harassment is overrated and not an actual problem like physical bullying: â€Å"Cyber bullying is overrated, there, I said it. It is not a popular viewpoint to hold, but this is how I feel about cyber bullying issues (†¦) Emails can easily be filtered, forum insults can be reported and text messages can be filtered, blocked or used to trace back to the sender. Outside of the tracing part which can be left to the parent to handle, a child can be taught how to do the rest easily.†5 Although the quotation from above is just from an online blogger and not another expert in this particular field, it is still a suitable example of how online harassment is looked upon differently. Without saying that either stance is right or wrong, Anita Sarkeesian is a living proof of online harassment of women, which is enough reason for this topic to be discussed and perhaps dealt with. Anita Sarkeesian may be a decent speaker with good persuasive techniques, but that does not change the fact that her story is true. Luckily, she had the courage and strength to overcome the online harassment that she was put through, but many girls like Amanda Todd don’t have the same fortitude. However, it is also true that emails and other online communications systems are very easy to handle, thus it is possible with the right technical knowhow to secure oneself from online harassment and even cyber mobs. Despite the different views on this topic, online harassment is an ongoing thing and it definitely deserves attention.